Friday, March 8, 2013

How Close We Came to a Different America: The Crittenden Compromise


Even though the Civil War changed the course of our history, there were many chances it could have swayed in one direction or another. One of those most turbulent and confusing times was the onset of secession. Even though the seceding states mostly all did so in the fear that the new administration would make the institution of slavery illegal. After the states began to secede the issue at hand was no longer whether slavery would remain an institution, but whether this country would remain a whole entity.

This is the problem that faced President Lincoln in his first year in office. Lincoln would not accept that the countries were a separate and sovereign union. The eventual conclusion to stop the southern states from seceding would be an all-out war which would cost the country millions of lives. However, there were others who intended on the same thing, one of his was Kentucky’s own Senator John Crittenden. As we learned in class, Crittenden put forth several key ideas that he thought would prevent the nation from plunging into war. He, like Lincoln, didn’t want to see the country divided into two nations. Crittenden aimed to appease the southern states by extending the latitudinal line put forth by the Missouri Compromise. Making slavery legal in all states north of the line, and an eternal institution to the south. The compromise went on to say that Congress would be forever forbidden to make any changes.

Other inclusions were no prohibitions on the slave trade, slavery couldn’t be abolished under any area of its jurisdiction, and the continuation of fugitive slave laws. Keep in mind, that this only further exemplifies Kentucky’s overall stance within the war. It further shows that Kentucky had a leg in each camp and even in some cases its citizens didn’t wish to see the war come to blows. This was a very attractive offer for those states seceding, but it was struck down when it was put on the table. From what research I can find, the vote was actually very narrow and received support from four other border states. It only failed by a single vote in the senate and a total of 11 to 80 in the House, the main source of opposition came from northern republicans who were intent on abolition.

In an article I found in the New York Times, it was stated that it would be foolish of President Lincoln to accept the democrat’s ideas to halt the seceding of states and to appease them to make sure that they remain part of the union. They go on to say that no northern democrat who values any nation honor should give this notion any attention. It just seems that if just a few people had thought otherwise, then maybe our country would have shifted in a very different direction and toward a much darker path through history.


Simpson, Brooks D., Stephen W. Sears, and Aaron Charles Sheehan-Dean. The Civil War: The First Year Told by Those Who Lived It. New York, N.Y.: The Library of America, 2011.

New York Times, “The Crittenden Compromise,” NYTimes.com, accessed March 9, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/1861/02/06/news/the-crittenden-compromise.html?pagewanted=1

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